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Texture mapping properties manage texture map projections for selected surfaces, polysurfaces, and meshes.
Mapping is a process of defining how to represent a 2‑D image on a 3‑D model. Mapping transforms a 2‑D source image into an image buffer called a texture.
A texture can be applied to the surface of a 3‑D model to add color, texture, or other surface detail like glossiness, reflectivity, or transparency.
The problem of how to represent the texture in 3-D rendering can be overcome by means of uv‑mapping. U and V are the coordinates of the texture corresponding to X and Y. Think of u as one direction on a piece of graph paper (side to side). Think of v as the other direction (up and down).
Any time an image is applied in a material and then applied that material to a model, uv‑texture mapping is used.
A mapping channel holds a set of texture-mapping parameters. Each mapping channel is identified by a number. An object can have any number of channels and therefore can hold any number of texture mapping types.
Textures in materials can be assigned a channel number. When the textures are applied to an object, the texture is applied using the matching channel number on the object. Texture channels default to channel 1.
If an object has no applied texture mapping, surface mapping is used to map the texture.
Properties Panel
Environment map, Screen, and WCS* mapping styles set in the material texture override texture mapping properties. You will see this message when it happens.
Click the blue text string below the message to change the material texture to use a mapping channel. Texture mapping properties will then take over the control.
UnwrapUnwraps the texture for editing.
See: Unwrap.
Custom MappingAdd a custom mapping channel.
Surface MappingAdd a surface mapping channel. The default texture mapping method for surfaces and polysurfaces is set by the control point structure of the surfaces.
Planar MappingAdd a planar mapping channel.
Box MappingAdd a box mapping channel.
Spherical MappingAdd a spherical mapping channel.
Cylindrical MappingAdd a cylindrical mapping channel.
Delete MappingDelete a mapping channel.
Match MappingMatch the mapping to another object's mapping.
Edit Channel (Use multiple mapping channels only)Allows changing the channel number.
Show MappingDisplay the mapping widgets for the object.
Hide MappingHide the mapping widgets for all objects.
UVEditorOpens the UV Editor.
See: UVEditor.
Allows more than one mapping channel for a single object. The channel numbers can be changed by using the edit channel icon. These mapping channel numbers are used in the texture map settings for an objects material to control which mapping channel is used for that texture.
The mapping channel number.
The mapping type.
The name of the mapping.
The name of the mapping.
See: Naming conventions in Rhino
The mapping type.
Surface mapping stretches the texture over the object.
In this example, a variable radius fillet connects two planar surfaces and all are joined into one polysurface. The default surface mapping method uses the control point structure of each individual surface to orient the checkered texture map applied to the material. Notice how the checker texture does not match across seams in the polysurface.
See: ApplySurfaceMapping.
Planar mapping projects a 2-D plane onto the side of an object.
See: ApplyPlanarMapping.
Box mapping projects a 3-D box onto the sides and top of an object.
See: ApplyBoxMapping.
Box mapping sides of an object only, does not cap the mapping to the top and bottom surfaces.
See: ApplyBoxMapping.
Spherical mapping wraps the object around a sphere. The top edge of the texture shrinks into the top pole and the bottom edge into the bottom pole.
See: ApplySphericalMapping.
Cylindrical mapping an image around an object like a cylinder the left and right edge will join each other.
See: ApplyCylindricalMapping.
Capped cylindrical mapping also maps the image to the top and bottom of the objects.
See: ApplyCylindricalMapping.
The OCS frame type lines up textures with the object rather than the world coordinates when textures use WCS/OCS or WCS/OCS (Box style) mappings. This mapping type can only be added by the ApplyOcsMapping command.
Add a custom mapping channel.
Custom surface objects control the mapping of textures over any other object.
This process is limited to single surfaces as the surface control point structure is used to control the applied mapping. Here, the surface in front of the polysurface was selected when prompted for the custom object in the command line.
When a mesh is texture mapped, some UV(W) values have to be assigned to each vertex from another object – either a primitive like a sphere or a custom object like another mesh or surface.
Each mesh vertex is assigned a parameter from the other object’s UV space.
Finds the closest point on the primitive from the point on the mesh.
Ray draws a line from the mesh along its normal until it hits the primitive.
Specifies that the texture will be mapped individually over each independent space.
Specifies that distinct regions of the texture will be used for each space, matching parts of the mapped object to the six independent texture spaces.
Sets the center point of the texture mapping widget in world coordinates.
Pick buttonClick to pick a location on the screen.
Sets the rotation of the texture in world space.
The texture size.
When the mapping widget has been re-sized with unequal scaling, the scaling is locked to the specified aspect ratio.
Sets the texture size to 1 in all three directions.
Sets the texture size to be equal in all three directions.
Fits the texture to the object as established by the original mapping.
Sets the size to the aspect ratio of the image.
The amount the texture is offset from the origin of the UVW texture space.
The number of times the texture repeats across the object in UVW texture space.
When Lock is checked, the repeat values for u, v, and w change together so that they stay in the same relationship to each other.
When Lock is unchecked, the repeat values can be changed independently of each other.
If Lock is off, and you enter 1, 2, 3 in the UVW boxes, you will get one repeat in u, two repeats in v, and three repeats in w.
If you then check Lock, and change the 1 to a 2, the values will change to 2, 4, 6. If you then change the 6 to 60, you will get 20, 40, 60.
The rotation angle of the texture over the object in UVW texture space.
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The ApplyBoxMapping command adds a box texture mapping channel to an object and sets the mapping type to box.
Select objects, and press Enter.
Draw the mapping widget box.
Select the coordinate system.
Specify if the box will be capped.
Enter a mapping channel number, or press Enter to accept the default value.
Command-line options
Uses the object bounding box to determine the location and size of the mapping widget.
Uses Construction plane coordinates for the bounding box.
Uses World coordinates for the bounding box.
Creates a box from the diagonal corners. If you pick the two corners on the CPlane, the command prompts for picking the height.
Draws the rectangle using two opposite corners.
Draws the rectangle using two adjacent corner locations and a location on the opposite side.
Draws the rectangle from the midpoint of the first edge, an end of the edge, and a location on the opposite side.
Draws the rectangle perpendicular to the construction plane.
Draws the rectangle from the center point and a corner.
Applies the mapping to all six sides of the box.
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The ApplyCylindricalMapping command adds a texture mapping channel to an object and sets the mapping type to cylindrical.
Select objects, and press Enter.
Draw the mapping widget cylinder.
Select the coordinate system.
Specify if the cylinder will be capped.
Enter a mapping channel number, or press Enter to accept the default value.
Command-line options
Uses the object bounding box to determine the location and size of the mapping widget.
Uses Construction plane coordinates for the bounding box.
Uses World coordinates for the bounding box.
Direction constraints restrict the direction of the cylinder.
Pick or type a number to set the height.
Creates a cylinder perpendicular to the construction plane.
Draws the base circle perpendicular to the picked point on a curve. The center line of the cylinder will be tangent to the curve.
Draws the base circle by picking the center point and a radius point.
Draws the base circle from two opposite points.
Draws the base circle through three points.
Draws the base circle tangent to one, two, or three curves.
Draws the base circle by fitting to selected points, control points, or mesh vertices.
Applies the mapping to the top and bottom of the cylinder.
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The ApplyCustomMapping command adds a custom texture mapping channel to an object.
A specified mesh or NURBS surface or polysurface acts as the mapping for the selected objects. The mapping object is preserved in the mapping table so deleting the mapping object does not affect the mapping on the target object.
The custom mapping object applied to objects can be extracted by the ExtractCustomMappingObject command.
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The ApplyOcsMapping command lines up textures with the object rather than the world coordinates when textures use WCS/OCS or WCS/OCS (Box style) mappings.
Select an object.
Specify the origin, X and Y directions to set the OCS mapping frame.
An OCS frame mapping type is added to the object's Texture Mapping properties.
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The ApplyPlanarMapping command adds a texture mapping channel to an object and sets the mapping type to planar.
Select objects, and press Enter.
Draw the mapping widget box.
Select UV for 2D mapping, or UVW for 3D.
Enter a mapping channel number, or press Enter to accept the default value.
Command-line options
Uses the object bounding box to determine the location and size of the mapping widget.
Uses Construction plane coordinates for the bounding box.
Uses World coordinates for the bounding box.
Draws a box to add a planar mapping widget.
Draws the rectangle using two opposite corners.
Draws the rectangle using two adjacent corner locations and a location on the opposite side.
Draws the rectangle from the midpoint of the first edge, an end of the edge, and a location on the opposite side.
Draws the rectangle perpendicular to the construction plane.
Draws the rectangle from the center point and a corner.
Draws a rectangle perpendicular to a curve.
The U and V coordinates are taken from the plane size, the W coordinate is always zero.
The U and V coordinates are taken from the plane size, and the W coordinate is taken as the distance from the plane along the normal.
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The ApplySphericalMapping command adds a texture mapping channel to an object and sets the mapping type to spherical.
Command-line options
Uses the object bounding box to determine the location and size of the mapping widget.
Uses Construction plane coordinates for the bounding box.
Uses World coordinates for the bounding box.
Creates a sphere by picking the center point and a radius point.
Creates a sphere from two opposite points on the base circle.
Creates a sphere from three points on the base circle.
Creates a sphere with the base circle tangent to one, two or three curves.
Creates a sphere from its center point on a curve, and a point on the base circle perpendicular to the curve.
Creates a sphere from three points on a section circle and a point on the sphere.
Creates a sphere by fitting to selected point objects, curve and surface control points, and mesh vertices.
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The ApplySurfaceMapping command adds a texture mapping channel to an object and sets the mapping type to surface.
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The ExtractUVMesh command creates separate mesh objects extracted from the flattened UV meshes of a model.
Surface, Polysurface, Extrusion, Mesh, SubD.
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The MappingWidget command turns on the mapping widgets for the selected objects.
The box mapping widget:
Command-line options
Displays the Object Coordinate System frame added to the object by the ApplyOcsMapping command.
This option is only visible when the selected object has an OCS frame.
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The MappingWidgetOff command turns off the mapping widgets for selected objects.
Press to turn off all mapping widgets.
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The MatchMapping command changes the texture mapping properties of a selected object to duplicate a specified object.
You can also use the Match Mapping button in Texture Mapping Properties.
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The RemoveMappingChannel command removes the specified mapping channels from an object.
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The Unwrap command prompts for selecting edges on the selected object as texture seams where the object's render mesh will be split in UV space.
Command-line options
Chain selects the seams.
Reselects the previous set of seams.
Applies the seam selection.
Opens the UV Editor.
Cancels the command.
Selects a mapping channel number for the object.
Makes only unwelded mesh edges selectable.
Defines the symmetrical plane on an object to unwrap the object symmetrically.
See the Rectangle command for sub-option descriptions.
Unwelds the mesh edges along the seams to avoid mapping distortion near the seams. The actual mesh geometry will be modified.
Materials and texture mapping in Rhino 6 for Windows
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The UVEditor command edits meshes that affect the texture coordinates of the original object. The texture meshes can be joined and split, and their control points edited.
Command-line options
Draws the rectangle using two opposite corners.
Draws the rectangle using two adjacent corner locations and a location on the opposite side.
Draws the rectangle from the midpoint of the first edge, an end of the edge, and a location on the opposite side.
Draws the rectangle perpendicular to the construction plane.
Draws the rectangle from the center point and a corner.
Draws a rectangle perpendicular to a curve.
The channel number of the texture mapping which will be edited.
When the UV mesh is larger than the UV space rectangle, fits it into the rectangle, or leaves the UV mesh as it is (No).
The packed surface mapping texture coordinates are projected onto the world xy plane, and the texture assigned to the object is drawn in the same region.
The texture coordinates are represented as a collection of texture meshes.
When the texture meshes are edited, the texture changes on the object.
If an interior surface seam is selected in the polysurface prior to unwrapping, that seam will separate in the resulting flattened mapping meshes.
While the editor is open, control points for the mapping mesh objects can be turned on, and modeling commands such as Scale1D, SetPt, and CageEdit can be used to adjust the mapping mesh.
Meshes without UV coordinates (e.g., imported from STL files) do not have UV meshes to edit. You will need to unwrap the mesh, or apply a texture mapping to the mesh, before using the UVEditor command.
Sets the transparency of the texture in the viewport for visibility.
Highlights the surface mesh when the projected mesh is selected.
Shows the mesh wireframe on the object even when in a viewport display mode that does not support displaying mesh wires.
Displays the texture associated with the diffuse channel of the material assigned to the object being unwrapped.
Displays a specified texture from the Textures panel.
Render the objects using the current renderer.
Materials and texture mapping in Rhino 6 for Windows
About.com: Surfacing 101 - Texture Mapping
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The ExtractCustomMappingObject command extracts the custom mapping source, a mesh or a surface, embedded in the selected object.
Rhinoceros 7 © 2010-2023 Robert McNeel & Associates. 03-May-2023
