For many commands, you can select sub-parts of objects or specified object types to allow you to restrict selection in a tight area.
Command+Shift+click, window, or crossing.
Examples include:
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click an edge.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click an edge in between.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click an edge in a selected loop.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+click an edge.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+Alt+double-click the next edge in the ring.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+click two faces in the loop.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+Alt+double-click a face in between and next to one of the selected faces.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+Alt+double-click an edge in a selected ring.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+click a face.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click the next face that decides the loop direction.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+click two faces in the loop.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click a face in between and next to one of the selected faces.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click a face in a selected loop.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+click a vertex.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click the next vertex that decides the chain direction.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+click two vertices in the chain.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click a vertex in between and next to one of the selected vertices.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click a surface edge in the chain.
Ctrl(CMD)+Shift+double-click an edge of a selected chain.
These selection actions work with curve, surface, and SubD control points.
Double-click a control polygon segment.
Click a control point.
Shift+click another point in the U or V direction of the first point.
Shift+double-click a control polygon segment between, but not next to, the two points.
Selects a loop of mesh/SubD edges by picking an edge in the loop.
Selects a ring of mesh/SubD edges by picking an edge in the ring.
Selects a loop of mesh/SubD faces by picking an edge between any two faces in the loop.